The research of synonymy, well-represented in the texts of popularization science elaborated by the Transylvanian scholars, represents an important source of identifying some decisive elements for the configuration of the literary language of the period. In order to obtain an accurate image of the synonymy relations, we selected texts belonging to various scientific fields (medical texts, texts of natural sciences, geography, mathematics, linguistics), both translations and original works. The study pinpoints the resources of synonymy and how they manifest in the texts analyzed; thus, it was observed that the relation of synonymy is established between: old, traditional and regional terms; old terms and lexical borrowings; terms created in the language by calques or, more seldom, by derivation and lexical borrowings; regional terms and lexical borrowings; groups of words and lexical borrowings; lexical borrowings entered in Romanian from the same or various culture languages, in the same time or in different periods of time. As regards the number of the terms which are equalized within the linguistic mechanism of glosses, there were established synonymic series with two, three, four and five terms, with the observation that the bi-member series are the most frequently used. The series are also discussed from the perspective of their development, being emphasized the various changes at various levels.
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